InfraCorpChemical Treatment Technologies
Chemical treatment in water and wastewater treatment involves adding specific chemicals to achieve desired water quality by removing contaminants, adjusting chemical properties, or aiding in physical processes. It plays a critical role in disinfection, coagulation, pH control, softening, and oxidation.
InfraCorp integrates these fundamental chemical treatment principles across its advanced portfolio of technologies, delivering end-to-end chemical process control, enhanced contaminant removal, and high-efficiency disinfection.
Key Objectives of Chemical Treatment
|
Purpose |
Result |
|
Coagulation & Flocculation |
Remove suspended solids and turbidity |
|
Disinfection |
Kill or inactivate pathogens (bacteria, viruses, protozoa) |
|
pH Adjustment & Neutralization |
Balance acidity/alkalinity for process efficiency |
|
Oxidation/Reduction |
Remove iron, manganese, hydrogen sulfide, or organics |
|
Precipitation |
Remove hardness (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺), heavy metals |
|
Scaling & Corrosion Control |
Protect pipelines, membranes, and equipment |
|
Odor& Taste Control |
Improve water palatability and aesthetics |
1. Coagulation & Flocculation
Used to aggregate fine suspended particles into larger particles (flocs) that can be removed by sedimentation or filtration.
|
Chemical |
Function |
|
Aluminumsulfate (alum) |
Coagulant |
|
Ferric chloride/sulfate |
Coagulant |
|
Polyaluminum chloride (PACl) |
Enhanced coagulation |
|
Polymers (cationic/anionic) |
Flocculants (aid settling) |
2. Disinfection
Destroys pathogens and ensures biological safety.
|
Chemical |
Used For |
|
Chlorine gas (Cl₂) |
Municipal disinfection |
|
Sodium hypochlorite |
Safer chlorine alternative |
|
Calcium hypochlorite |
Emergency/chlorination tablets |
|
Chlorine dioxide |
Strong oxidizer, less byproducts |
|
Ozone (O₃) |
Powerful, no residual |
|
UV + H₂O₂ |
Advanced oxidation (AOPs) |
3. pH Adjustment / Neutralization
Balances pH for optimal treatment performance.
|
To Raise pH |
To Lower pH |
|
Lime (Ca(OH)₂) |
Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) |
|
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) |
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) |
|
Soda ash (Na₂CO₃) |
CO₂ gas (gentle adjustment) |
4. Oxidation/Reduction
Removes oxidizable contaminants and improves filtration.
|
Target Contaminant |
Chemical Used |
|
Iron, manganese |
Potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) |
|
Hydrogen sulfide |
Chlorine, oxygen, ozone |
|
Organic matter |
Ozone, chlorine dioxide |
|
Cyanide |
Hypochlorite (for oxidation) |
5. Precipitation / Softening
Removes dissolved ions by forming insoluble precipitates.
|
Target Ion |
Chemical Used |
|
Hardness (Ca, Mg) |
Lime (Ca(OH)₂), soda ash |
|
Fluoride |
Alum, calcium salts |
|
Phosphates |
Ferric/alum salts |
|
Heavy metals |
Sulfides, hydroxides, lime |
6. Scaling & Corrosion Inhibitors
Used especially in cooling towers, boilers, and RO systems.
|
Purpose |
Chemical Example |
|
Scale inhibition |
Antiscalants (polyphosphates, phosphonates) |
|
Corrosion prevention |
Sodium molybdate, orthophosphates |
|
RO membrane protection |
Antiscalants (e.g., for silica, CaSO₄) |
7. Taste, Odor, and Color Control
Improves the aesthetic quality of potable water.
|
Chemical |
Function |
|
Activated carbon |
Adsorption of taste/odor compounds |
|
Potassium permanganate |
Oxidizes organics and iron/manganese |
|
Hydrogen peroxide |
AOP with ozone/UV |
Summary Table
|
Treatment Step |
Main Chemicals Used |
|
Coagulation |
Alum, ferric chloride, polymers |
|
Flocculation |
Polyelectrolytes |
|
Disinfection |
Chlorine, ozone, chlorine dioxide |
|
pH Control |
NaOH, HCl, lime, sulfuric acid |
|
Oxidation |
KMnO₄, ozone, chlorine |
|
Softening |
Lime, soda ash |
|
Antiscalant / Inhibitor |
Polyphosphates, phosphonates |
“InfraCorp designs and manufactures advancepretreatment equipment engineered to meet or exceed the highest industry standards. Our systems are built for long-term sustainability, operational reliability, and optimized performance across diverse water and wastewater conditions. By integrating robust materials, automated controls, and smart process design, InfraCorp’spretreatment solutions protect downstream processes, reduce operational costs, and ensure consistent water quality. Whether deployed in municipal, industrial, or high-demand desalination applications, our pretreatment technologies deliver dependable, future-ready performance that supports the full lifecycle of your treatment plant.